History of Web Media

Introduction

The history of Internet started with APRANET In mid1960s. At the time of cold war a few scientists wanted to share files among people working on similar projects. In September 1969 the university of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), the Stanford Research institute (SRI), the university of California, Santa Barbara (USCB) and the university of Utah were connected using 500 kbps leased lines and this network is called ARPANET (Advanced Research projects Agency of the united states department of defense). Although the original aim of this research was military, it was soon as used for other purpose. other universities, research and commercial organizations soon began to use this technology to create their own networks. some of this networks then connected to the ARPANET using TCP/IP protocols.

The number of networks machines and users connected to the ARPANET grew rapidly after TCP/IP the arrival of protocol. On Jan 1983, when NSFNET (United Nations science foundation and ARPANET were interlinked, the growth became exponential many regional networks join and connections were made to networks in Canada, Europe and pacific. Growth continues and by 1990 the Internet had grown to 3000 networks and 200,000 computers. In 1992 the one million host was attached by 1995 there were multiple backbones, hundreds of regional networks, ten thousands of LANs, millions of hosts and ten of millions of users. This size doubles approximately every year.

The networks are very much popularize after the emerges of www by Tim-Berners Lee a CERN (European Laboratory for particle physics) engineer known as father of web who had the idea of creating an electronic web of research information. During 1980 he developed a programming language called HTML (Hypertext markup language) on which web is based. The www and the Internet are not the same but they are related and inter depended. The web resides on the top of the Internet. Early web pages contains only text but due to rapid advancements in technology the web page contain pictures and other multimedia elements in addition to text. The web is actually a super set of the Internet. It can be thought of as a graphical interface to Internet providing a revolutionary way of accessing information scattered across millions of computer around the world. The www changes all the concepts and brought millions of new non academic user to internet and it provide various types of service like email, news chat remote information video conference internet telephony and the information in every nook and corner of the world is easily available through internet at a comparatively cheaper and faster rate.

This led to the opening of a new media called web media
The internet is a world wide collection of computer networks. It provides access to communications, services and information recourses to millions of users around the globe

INTERNET SERVICES
The internet offers access to data, graphics, sound, soft wares, text and people through a variety of services and tools for communications and data exange. Some of the services are
Remote login (Telnet)
File transfer (FTP)
Electronic mail (E-Mail)
News
Hyper text (WWW)

USE OF INTERNET
Using the internet you can look at documents and images, even view videos or listen to sound files from anywhere in the worlds using your computer. You can also use the internet to publish so that others can look at your information in any of a number of standard file formats.You can send messages through email, as long as you know the email address of the recipient. The internet can also be used to transfer files between any two people or computers. It creats new communities of individuals, belonging to newsgroups where information is shared between people with similar interests, even through individuals could be geographically dispersed. Letters and files can be news groups, where others can share them.

In short view
Visit web sites
Send and receive electronic mail
Read and post articles in news groups
Download files to your pc
Chat with other users in online
Play games with others on-line
Access online multimedia including radio and video broadcasts
Search the internet for information
Subscribe to electronic news letters, etc
Join contests
Contribute articles and other materials
Do on-line shopping
Post your resumes on the internet
Create your own web sites
Create an e-mail ID and account for you
Use the e-mail remainder service
Find a persons details
Send gifts to others
The above list is by no means a complete and comprehensive one. There are a lot of other things that you can do on the internet.

TCP/IP
The standard for communication on the Internet is called “TCP/IP” which is the short for transmission control protocol/internet protocol. The key concept in TCP/IP is that every computer has to know or can figure out where all other computers are on the networks, and can send data by the quickest route, even if part of the route is down. The reason the route is down might include a computer is shut down or a phone line is disconnected or in repair./This is done by maintains indexes of all IP address in a domain at multiple servers strategically spread around the country, so that messages are quickly routed along the fastest path
TCP/IP transfers information in small chunks called “packets”. Each packet includes the following information: the computer the data came from the computer to which it is headed, the data itself, and error-checking information. The elegance of TCP/IP is that a large file can be broken into multiple packets, each sent over different paths in the network. These files can be broken in to multiple packs, each sent over different paths in the networks. These packets are then re-assembled at the other end into one file and saved in the destination computer

URLs and Domain Names

To send information between computers, you have identify the computers. This is also called the "URL" which is short for Universal Resource Locator”. In Internet, computers are as single unique 12 digit number called an "IPaddress" like 255.255.255.255 which allows 4 billion computes to have internet address

Because of reserved numbers for countries, governments, and organizations there is a lot of waste in the allocation of these numbers. If you are like most people you’d rather not memories long series of numbers. so a domain system was developed. This allows you to call a computerwww.yourname.com and the internet can still find it. The domain name is divided into three parts: the user or computer name , the mid level domain name and the top-level domain

ISP(INTERNET SERVISE PROVIDER)

To access Internet you need an Internet service provider “ISP” .The ISP is connected to the Internet “backbone” which is the permanent cabling of the Internet. This backbone may consist of copper wire, fibre optic cable, microwave a d even satellite connections between any two points. To you it doesn’t matter-the Internet’s TCP/IP works this out for you. You can connect to the Internet in one of two basic ways, including dialing into an Internet service provider’s computer, or with a direct connection to an Internet service provider. The difference is mainly in the speed and cost.
If you want to access a web site that is hosted on a server somewhere in the world and you want to access the information from India. Then you connect to your local internet Access Provider and type in the address of your site.

FTP
FTP stands file transfer protocol, and is part of the TCP/IP protocols suite .It is a protocol or a set of rules, which enables files to be transferred between computers. FTP is a powerful tools which allows files to be transferred from “Computer A” to “Computer B” or vice versa.
FTP works on the client/server principle. A client program enables the user to interact with a server in order to access information and service on the server computer
File that can be transferred are stored on computers called FTP servers. to access these files an FTP client program is used. This is an interface that allows the user to locate the files to be transferred and initiate the transfer process

HTTP
HTTP is a set of rules or protocols that governs the transfer of hypertext between two or more computers. The World Wide Web encompasses the universe of information that is available via HTTP, and it is based on the client server principle
Hypertext is a text that is specially coded using a standard system called Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). The HTML codes are used to create links. When a user selects a hypertext link, the client program on his computer uses HTTP to contact the server, identify a resource, and ask the server to respond with an action. The server accepts the request, and then uses HTTP to respond to or perform the action.

Web animations

See the animation page

Softwares for web media

Adobe photoshop,
Macromedia Dreamweaver
Macromedia Flash
Action Scripting for flash mx
Microsoft .net
ASP
JSP
PHP
JAVA SCRIPT etc